—–. 1989. The new Syntax and you may Semantics regarding Verb Morphology in Progressive Aramaic: A beneficial Jewish Dialect of Iraqi Kurdistan. Western Oriental Collection, 69. This new Sanctuary: American China People.
Meehan, Charles, and you can Jacqueline Alon. 1979. New Kid Whose Tunic Stuck in order to Him: A beneficial Folktale on Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect regarding Zakho (Iraqi Kurdistan). Israel Oriental Knowledge nine:174-203.
Sabar, Yona. 1976. Lel-Huza: Facts and you may Records inside the a cycle out of Lamentations with the Ninth out of Ab regarding the Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect out of Zakho. JSS -62.
—–. 1988. The ebook out-of Exodus into the Neo-Aramaic in the Dialect of your own Jewish Community regarding Zakho [Hebrew]. Jerusalem: Magnes Force.
This type of six binyanim from Syriac were lower in NENA in order to a couple of very first kinds, with a third directly allied into 2nd
Thomason, Sarah Gray, and Terrence Kaufman. 1988. Code Get in touch with, Creolization, and you will Hereditary Linguistics. Berkeley and you may La: Univ. from Ca Force.
The initial group descends from brand new peal, the next class on pael, together with 3rd, whose vocalism observe compared to the following, comes from this new afel
Various other factor complicating the trouble is the differential impacts of the various co-territorial dialects. The new dialect distinctions within this Kurdish are particularly considerable, and to their impact is going to be traced a number of the type certainly NENA languages. Including, new Jewish Neo-Aramaic from Halabja, like the Kurdish of town, does not separate a present and you will upcoming demanding, however, in which Kurdish keeps instance a big difference, thus does Neo-Aramaic. From inside the Azerbaijan, Turkish features exerted solid influence on the fresh Jewish dialect (Garbell 1965b), and the dialects of the basic out of Mosul show an effective influence out-of Arabic perhaps not viewed someplace else.
Tkhuma (Tx): What regarding descendants off emigrants from one of partial-separate ashirets regarding southeast Chicken, today resident along the Khabur Area into the Syria. Data is regarding Jacobi (1973) and my personal cards.
(5) Syriac had three very first verbal stems, the peal, the fresh new pael, while the afel. To those was indeed additional three inactive stems, molded regarding very first of those because of the prefixation out of e[Theta]-: the elizabeth[Theta]pael, brand new elizabeth[Theta]paal, and the ettafal. This situation exists through the NENA. In the most common NENA languages, verbs have a tendency to stay-in the new verb kinds where they certainly were utilized in before amounts of your vocabulary. That’s, the new descendant out-of a great Syriac peal verb will be a great NENA Class We verb, and you can a beneficial Syriac pael verb could well be good NENA Group II verb: eg, Urmi ptaxa ‘open’ regarding before peal, and you will sadure ‘send’ away from prior to pael. But not, when you look at the Jewish Azerbaijani, Halabja, and possibly Koy Sanjaq, the class membership might have been reorganized which will be foreseeable to your basis of form of this new base in lieu of the historical source. Like, when you look at the application de rencontre pour les jeunes de 30 ans Azerbaijani the C stalk provides the function CaCoC- for sound verbs, any its resource, and you will CCaC- getting middle-weakened verbs: garosen ‘I have always been pulling’, however, kwasan ‘I (f.) are descending’ (Garbell 1965, 64).
(11) Some other most tall development inside the NENA ‘s the third person copula that have l: ile ‘he is’, ila ‘she is’. This type can get get (Noldeke 1868, 203) out of i[Theta] leh ‘he has’, however, no copula think its great can be found external NENA. The initial and you can next person do not have a keen l, but in the Jewish Azerbaijani, where the l has been general through the paradigm: Jilu iwIt ‘you (masc.) are’, Aradhin i:earn ‘I (masc.) am’, Azerbai big’ (Garbell 1965, 64). ile is found throughout NENA but for the Halabja, which includes -(y)e: yarxa rahamim-ye ‘it is the month of mercy’. None Turoyo nor Mandaic possess models synchronous so you can ile: Turoyo harke-yo ‘he try here’, harke-zero ‘I in the morning here’; Mandaic basim-ye ‘he is charming’, basim-na ‘I was charming’ (Macuch 1965, 443).
(19) The existing Aramaic term for ‘son’, bra inside BT, has been extended in most NENA but Hertevin because of the introduction of the diminutive suffix -ona/-una: Azerbaijan Jewish brona (Garbell 1965, 297), Jilu bruna (Fox 1992, 51), Aradhin bru:na (Krotkoff 1982, 122), Tisqopa brona (Rubba, personal telecommunications), Zakho brona (Meehan and Alon 1979, 177). But not, both Turoyo and you will Mandaic possess an enthusiastic epenthetic vowel, however, zero suffix: Turoyo ?abro (Jastrow 1985, 221), and you may Mandaic eber or ebra (Macuch 1965, 520).
b) In some instances, Hertevin aligns with Turoyo, from the remainder of NENA. They lacks a CCaCa introduce demanding (6), does not have any sodir preterite (12), has no preposition ta (15), and you may spends ruh to form reflexive pronouns (14).
—–. 1965. The fresh new Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect out-of Persian Azerbaijan: Linguistic Analysis and you may Folkloristic Messages. Janua Linguarum, series practica step three. The newest Hague: Mouton.
